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Dietary Constituents

Dietary constituents-their properties and actions.

As per the ayurvedic texts, the common ingredients of food which we eat, has the following properties and actions on the body and body systems.

GRAINS
1. Rice (Shali)
Name Rice (Shali / Aghani)
Type Shookadhanya (Grains)
Gunas Unctuous, nourishing, sweet, light, cold in potency, sweet with astringent taste.
Effect on Doshas Mild Kapha & vaata aggravator, Mitigates Pitta.
Effect on Dhatus Bowel-binding, diuretic, aphrodisiac.
2. Shastik / Sathi Rice
Among the shastik rice group white variety is the superior most
Name Shastik Rice
Type Shookadhanya (Grains)
Gunas Light, cold in potency, sweet, unctuous, mild.
Effect on Doshas Mitigates all three doshas
Effect on Dhatus Constipating, stabilizing. Provides strength.
3. Yava (Barley)
Name Barely (Yava), Hordeum vulgare
Type Shookdhanya (Grains)
Gunas Unctuous, cold in potency, light, sweet, dry, soft, with astringent taste.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates kapha –pitta – fat.
Effect on Dhatus Strength promoting, laxative, good for skin disorders and cleans blood, diuretic.
4. Wheat (Godhum)
Name Wheat,
Type Shookadhanya (Grains)
Gunas Heavy, Cold in potency, unctuous, nourishing, sweet.
Effect on Doshas Kapha aggravating and Vata- Pitta alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Unites broken parts, laxative, aphrodisiac, stabilizer, vitalize, bulk – promoting.
5. Jwar
Name Jwar, Sorghum vulgare Linn.
Type Shookadhanya (Grains)
Gunas Astringent in taste, cold, dry, unctuous, light
Effect on Doshas Alleviates Kapha – pitta.
Effect on Dhatus Good for blood disorders, diuretic.
6. Makki / Maize
Name Maize
Type Shookadhanya (Grains)
Gunas Sweet, dry, cold in potency, light.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – pitta mitigator, greatly increases vaata.
Effect on Dhatus Strength – promoting, constipative.
7. Jai (Oats)
Name Jai(Oats), Avena sativa
Type Shookadhanya (Grains)
Gunas Unctuous, cold in potency, light, sweet, soft with astringent taste.
Effect on Doshas Aleviates kapha –pitta – fat.
Effect on Dhatus Strength promoting, laxative, good for skin disorders and cleans blood and bowels.
PULSES / LEGUMES
8. (Mudga) Green gram
Name Green gram (Mudga, Phaseolus mungo Linn)
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Non-Slimy, Light, astringent and sweet in taste, unctuous, cold in potency.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates the vitiated kapha and pitta, Cause mild aggravation of vata.
Effect on Dhatus Mitigates fat, blood, mild constipating for cleansing purposes. Good for eyes, helps to control fever.
9.Black gram (Maash / Urad)
Name Black gram (Maash, Lt – Phaseolus radiatus Linn.).
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Heavy, hot in potency, unctuous, sweet.
Effect on Doshas Mitigates vata & aggravates kapha – pitta – meid (fat).
Effect on Dhatus Strength promoting, aphrodisiac, laxative, bulk-promoting.
10. Lobiya / Cow Peas
Name Lobiya / Cow peas, Vigna catiang Walp.
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Heavy, astringent – sweet in taste, non slimy.
Effect on Doshas Aggravates vata.
Effect on Dhatus Strengthening, increases taste, Galactagogue
11. Soya / Flat beans (DRY)
Name Flat beans (Nispava)
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Heavy, Dry, hot in potency, sweet – astringent in taste,
Effect on Doshas Aggravates Vata, Pitta - Kapha Alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Galactagogue, decreases urination and flatulence, decreases semen. Reduces swelling.
12. Makustha / Moth Dal
Name Makustha (Phaseolus acontifolius Jacq.)
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Light, sweet in taste.
Effect on Doshas Kapha - Pitta mitigator. Increases vaata.
Effect on Dhatus Constipative, soothing, anti pyretic.
13. (Masura) Lentil
Name Lentil (Masura, Lens cultinaris medic).
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Laghu, cold in potency, sweet, asteringent taste, dry.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – pita pacifier. Increases vaata.
Effect on Dhatus Constipative, used for cleansing purposes also. Mollify blood, helps to control fever.
14. Tur / Arhar
Name Tur (Adhaki, cajanus cajan millsp).
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Light, astringent – sweet in taste, non slimy.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates vitiated kapha-pitta, but aggravates vata.
Effect on Dhatus Constipating, mollify blood. good for skin complexion.
15. Canaka (Grams)
Name Canaka (cicer arietinum Linn.)
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Laghu, cold in potency, with astringent taste, unctuous.
Effect on Doshas Aggravates vaata, Pitta –Kapha alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Leads to Dryness, constipative, useful in fever, appease blood.
16. Kalaya (Round Peas)
Name Round peas (Kalaya)
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Sweet in taste, dry, cold in potency.
Effect on Doshas Great aggravator of vata.
Effect on Dhatus Constipative, reduces semen, causes dryness in the body.
17. (Kulatha) Horse gram
Name Horse gram (Kulatha, Dolichos biflorus Linn.)
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Hot in potency, astringent in taste, light.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – Vata alleviator and Pitta aggravator. Disturbs blood.
Effect on Dhatus Constipative, reduces semen, sweat. Have breaking and penetrating power. Helpful in breathing problems and in calculi.
18.Lima Bean / Double Bean (Phaseolus Lunatu Linn)
Name Lima Bean / Double Bean (Phaseolus Lunatus Linn.)
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Heavy, dry, astringent.
Effect on Doshas Vatta aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Non-aphrodisiac, strength depleting should be use with good amount of oils.
19. Soya bean (Glycine max merrill)
Name Soya bean
Type Shimbidhanya.
Gunas Heavy, unctuous, sweet, astringent in taste but hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Vatta alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Galactagogue, nourishing, strength – promoting.
OIL SEEDS
20. (Til) – Seasum
Name Seasum (Til, seasum indicum Linn.)
Type Shamidhanya
Gunas Heavy, hot in potency, sweet – bitter - astringent and pungent in taste, unctuous.
Effect on Doshas Kapha - pitta alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Strength promoting, good for skin and hairs, increases intelligence, good for tooth disorders and over wounds. diuretic, constipating, aphrodisiac.
21. Linseeds / Flax
Name Linseeds (Seeds of teesi i.e. Linns asitatissimum Linn.)
Type Shamidhanya.
Gunas Heavy, hot in potency, sweet-bitter in taste, unctuous.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates Kapaha – pitta – vaata.
Effect on Dhatus Strength provider, mild laxative, reduces pain, diuretic.
GREEN VEGETABLES
22. Spinach :
Name Spinach, Spinacia oleracea Linn.
Type Shaka varg (Leafy Green)
Gunas Heavy, cold in potency.
Effect on Doshas Pitta pacifier, increases vaat and kapha (a bit)
Effect on Dhatus Blood purifier, laxative, diuretic.
23. Lambs Quarters (Bathua) :
Name Lambs Quarters, Chenopodium album Linn.
Type Shaka varg (Leafy Green)
Gunas Bit pungent in taste, increases digestive fire, light.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates vaata – pitta - kapha.
Effect on Dhatus Aphrodisiac, laxative, strength promoting, good for piles and epistaxis.
24. Chaulai (Amaranth) :
Name Prickly Amaranth, Amaranthus spinosus Linn.
Type Shaka varg (Leafy Green)
Gunas Light, Cold, Dry.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates pitta - kapha.
Effect on Dhatus Laxative, diuretic, good for digestion, blood purifier.
25. Poi (Indian Spinach) :
Name Indian Spinach, Basella rubra Linn.
Type Shaka varg (Leafy Green)
Gunas Unctuous, Cold, digestive
Effect on Doshas Alleviates vaat – pitta, kapha promoter.
Effect on Dhatus Promotes sleep, increases strength, bulk promoter and blood purifier.
26. Sarson (Brassica) :
Name Sarson, Brassica capestris
Type Pushpa Shaka varg (Leafy Green)
Gunas Pungent, alkaline - salty in taste, heavy, hot, dry,
Effect on Doshas Increases vaata – Pitta – kapha.
Effect on Dhatus Laxative, diuretic, causes blood disorders. Considered worst among Leafy vegetables.
27. Methi :
Name Methi
Type Shaka
Gunas Unctuous, bit sour – astringent in taste, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – Vata pacifier.
Effect on Dhatus Galactagogue, laxative, bulk – promoting, refreshing.
28. Lauki (Bottle Gourd) :
Name Bottle gourd, Lagenaria vulgaris
Type Phal shaak (Vegetables)
Gunas Heavy, digestive.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates pitta - kapha.
Effect on Dhatus Good for heart, a bit aphrodisiac, nourishes body elements.
29. Kaddu (Pumpkin) :
Name Pumpkin, Cucerbita maxima
Type Phal shaak (Vegetables)
Gunas Pungent in taste, cold, bit alkaline.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates vaat - kapha.
Effect on Dhatus Increases digestive fire, strength promoter.
30. Torai (Ridge Gourd) :
Name Ridge gourd, Luffa acutangula
Type Phal shaak (Vegetables)
Gunas Sweet, cold, digestive
Effect on Doshas Increases vaat – kapha, pacifies pitta.
Effect on Dhatus Increases digestive fire, good in respiratory disorders and fever.
31. Parwal :
Name Parwal, Tricosanthes dioica.
Type Phal shaak (Vegetables)
Gunas Light, unctuous, warm, increases digestive fire.
Effect on Doshas Pacifies vaat – pitta - kapha.
Effect on Dhatus Good for heart, cough, blood disorders, fever, aphrodisiac,
32. Karela (Bitter Gourd) :
Name Bitter gourd, Momordica charantia
Type Phal shaak (Vegetables)
Gunas Pungent in taste, cold, light.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates pitta – kapha, increases vaata a bit.
Effect on Dhatus Laxative, good in cases of fever, anaemia, diabetes.
33. Tinda :
Name Apple Gourd/Indian Round Gourd, Citrullus vulgaris var. fistulosus.
Type Phal shaak (Vegetables)
Gunas Too cold, dry, laxative.
Effect on Doshas increases vaat, alleviates kapha – pitta.
Effect on Dhatus Laxative, diuretic, considered good for eliminating renal stones
34. Brinjal (Egg Plant) :
Name Brinjal, Solenum melengena
Type Phal shaak (Vegetables)
Gunas Bitter in taste, hot, pungent, light
Effect on Doshas A bit pitta aggravator, alleviates vaata - kapha
Effect on Dhatus Increases digestive fire, good in fever, aphrodisiac.
35. Flat beans :
Name Flat beans, Dolichos lablab
Type Phal shaak (Vegetables)
Gunas Sweet in taste, cold, Heavy
Effect on Doshas Kapha aggravator, alleviates vaata - pitta.
Effect on Dhatus Promotes strength.
36. Lady’s finger :
Name Lady’s Finger
Type Phatia shaka
Gunas Sweet, heavy, unctuous, cold in potency.
Effect on Doshas Vata-pitta pacifier, Kapha-aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Strength promoting, aphrodisiac.
37. Tomato :
Name Tomato
Type Shaka / Phala varga.
Gunas Light, a bit alkaline - sour in taste, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – Pitta aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Strength – promoting, healthy for heart, appetizer, improves complexion.
38. Cauliflower :
Name Cauliflower
Type pushp shaka varga (Vegetables)
Gunas Heavy, sweet, hot in potency
Effect on Doshas Kapha – vata alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Constipating, strength promoting.
39. Potato :
Name Potatoes
Type Kanda varga.
Gunas Heavy, hot in potency, sweet.
Effect on Doshas Pitta – vata pacifier and kapha aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Strength promoting, muscle tautening, constipating.
40. Cucumbar :
Name Cucumbar
Type Phala Shaka
Gunas Guru, dry, cold in potency, sweet in taste.
Effect on Doshas Pitta pacifier and vata-kapha aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Constipative, improves taste, thirst pacifier, improves complexion.
41. Kheera (Cucumis sativus) :
Name Kheera
Type Phala shaka varga
Gunas Sweet, cold in potency, light.
Effect on Doshas Pitta alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Quenches thirst, improves taste, appetizer.
42. Jack fruit / Kathal :
Name Jack-fruit
Type Phala varga
Gunas Heavy, unctuous, sweet, astringent, cold in potency.
Effect on Doshas Raw fruit is kapha - vata vitator and pitta pacifier, Ripe fruit is vata – pitta pacifer.
Effect on Dhatus Aphrodisiac, strength promoting, heavy to digest, a bit constipating.
43. Carrot :
Name Carrot
Type Harit Varga
Gunas Sweet – bitter, Light, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Three dosha alteviator.
Effect on Dhatus Constipative, healthy for heart, blood purifier.
44. Onion
Name Onion
Type Kanda shaka
Gunas Heavy, smooth, unctuous, sharp, sweet pungent in taste, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Vata alleviator, Kapha – pitta aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Appetizer, improves taste, analgesic, laxative, diuretic, aphrodisiac, strength – promoting.
NON VEGETERIAN STUFFS -
45. Goats Meat – Mutton
Name Goats meat (mutton)
Type Mansa varga (meats)
Gunas Light, sweet, a bit cold, unctuous
Effect on Doshas Pecifies all three doshas
Effect on Dhatus Nourishing, strength promoting, bulk promoter, aphrodisiac.
46. Chicken
Name Chicken (Clocks or hen’s meat)
Type Mamsa varga (meats)
Gunas Unctous, hot in potency, heavy, somewhat astringent.
Effect on Doshas Kapha aggravator and alleviates vata.
Effect on Dhatus Aphrodisiac, nourishing, promotes strength, vitality.
47. Fish
Name Fish
Type Acquatic animals of mansa varga.
Gunas Heavy, hot in potency, sweet, unctuous.
Effect on Doshas Alleviates vata and kapha - pitta aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Aphrodisiac, bulk promoter, strength promoting.
48. Eggs
Name Avia Eggs
Type Avian animal of mansa vrga.
Gunas A bit Unctuous, sweet.
Effect on Doshas Vata alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Strength promoter and good aphrodisiac.
STIMULANTS -
49. Tabacco :
Name Tabacco
Type Poisonous plant
Gunas Light, sharp, spreads with a speed all over the body, bitter, pungent in taste, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Kapha-vatta pacifier in small quantities, pitta aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Firstly stimulating, but later suppressor of Nervous system, emetic (vomiting), vasoconstrictor, reduces urine and causes heart disorders, hyperacidity, hypertension, and cancers of lung, mouth and esophagus.
50.Coffee :
Name Coffee
Type Phala shaka varga / Liquids.
Gunas Light, dry, hot in potency, bitter.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – vata pacifier but Pitta aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Induces hypertension, directive, on excess use produces thirst, burning sensation, abdominal pain, vomiting, indigestion, heart-problems like palpitations.
51. Tea :
Name Tea
Type Liquid
Gunas Heavy, hot in potency, dry, astringent - pungent in taste.
Effect on Doshas Pitta aggravator
Effect on Dhatus Induces indigestion, slows appetite, insomnia, neurasthenia and is stimulator in minimum quantities.
SPICES & FRUITS -
52. Amala (Emblica officinalis bartn) :
Name Amla
Type Phala varga
Gunas Includes all tastes except salty, Heavy, cold in potency.
Effect on Doshas Pacifies all three doshas.
Effect on Dhatus Rejuvenating, refreshing, appetizer, aphrodisiac, healthy for heart.
54. Marich / Black pepper :
Name Marich, Piper nigrum
Type Spieces – Adjuvents of food.
Gunas Very hot in potency, light, sharp, depleting and absorbing properties.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – vata alleviator, pitta aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Non-aphrodisiac, promotes digestion.
55. Ginger in wet state :
Name Giner
Type Spices
Gunas Heavy, dry, depleting, pungent taste
Effect on Doshas Kapha – vata alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Appetizer, bestows taste, antiemetic antipyretic.
56. Giner in Dry state :
Name Giner
Type Spices
Gunas Light, hot in potency, unctuous, bitter – pungent.
Effect on Doshas Mitigates kapha and vata.
Effect on Dhatus Aphrodisiac, promotes digestion, appetizer, relieves constipation, bestows taste.
57. Turmeric :
Name Turmeric
Type Species – Adjuvent to food or kanda shaka
Gunas Light, dry, astringent – pungent, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas All three dosha pacifier.
Effect on Dhatus Bestows taste, analgesic, anti inflammatory, blood-purifier, anti helmenthic, anti-diabetic.
58. Marking nut (Semecarpus anacardium) :
Name Marking nut
Type Phala varga
Gunas Light, smooth, unctuous, sharp, penetrating, pungent, astringent, bitter, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – vata alleviator, Pitta, aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Digestive, appetizer, improves memory anti inflammatory, heart stimulant, aphrodisiac, rejuvenating.
59. Clove :
Name Clove
Type Spices
Gunas Light, unctuous, cold in potency, bitter, pungent, sharp.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – Pitta mitigator
Effect on Dhatus Bestows taste, appetizer, digestive, increases salivation, analgesic, glactagogue, aphrodisiac, strength – promoting.
60. Ginnamon :
Name Ginnamon
Type Spices
Gunas Light, dry, sharp, pungent – bitter – astringent, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – vata alleviator, pitta aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Stimulant to nerves, anti-bacterial, blood- purifier, diuretic, aphrodisiac, expectorant, digestive, bestows taste.
61. Fennel :
Name Fennel
Type Spices
Gunas Light, unctuous, sweet, pungent, bitter, cold in potency.
Effect on Doshas Vata – Pitta pacifier.
Effect on Dhatus Digestive, appetizer, quenches thirst, antiemetic, improves memory, eyesight, diuretic, laxative, aphrodisiac.
62. Cumin seeds :
Name Cumin seeds
Type Spices
Gunas Light, dry, pungent, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Vata – Pitta pacifier.
Effect on Dhatus Destroys taste, digestive, appetizer, laxative, anti spasmodic blood-purifier, diuretic, uterine cleanser.
63. Red chillies :
Name Red chilies
Type Spices
Gunas Light, dry, sharp, pungent, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Kapha-vata pacifier, pitta-aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Produces excessive salivation, digestive, appetizer, laxative, induces burning sensation, diuretic, destroys energy.
64. Heeng :
Name Asafetida
Type Spices
Gunas Light, unctuous, sharp, pungent, hot in potency.
Effect on Doshas Vata-Kapha mitigator, Pitta aggravator.
Effect on Dhatus Enhance taste and hunger, digestive, antispasmodic, anti helmenthic, uterine cleanser.
65. Common fig :
Name Common fig
Type Phala varga
Gunas Heavy, unctuous, sweet, cold in potency.
Effect on Doshas Vata-pitta alleviator.
Effect on Dhatus Strength promoting, blood purifier, diuretic, aphrodisiac, improves complexion.
66.Tamarind :
Name Tamarind
Type Phala varga
Gunas Sour in taste, hot in potency
Effect on Doshas Pitta aggravator, Vata-alleviator
Effect on Dhatus Appetizer, improves taste, quenches thirst, refreshing.
67. Jambu / jamun :
Name Jamun
Type Phal varga (Fruits)
Gunas Heavy, dry, astringent, sweets, cold in potency.
Effect on Doshas Kapha – Pitta alleviator, increases vata to a great extent.
Effect on Dhatus Bowel binding, digestive, appetizer, stimulates liver.
DAIRY STUFFS -
68. Cow’s Milk :
Name Cow’s Milk
Type Dugdha varga
Gunas Heavy, cold in potency, sweet in taste, unctuous
Effect on Doshas Vata-pitta pacifier.
Effect on Dhatus Galactagogue, blood purifier,helps to remove toxins, aphrodisiac, good for eyesight, Strength promoting.
69. Buffalo’s Milk :
Name Buffalo’s Milk
Type Dugdha varga
Gunas Heavier then Cow’s milk, heavy, cold in potency, sweet in taste, unctuous
Effect on Doshas Vata-pitta pacifier. Kapha aggravator
Effect on Dhatus Aphrodisiac, sleep inducer, pacifies hunger,
70. Curd / Yoghurt :
Name Curd / yoghurt
Type Dugdhi varga
Gunas Auspicious, sweet and a bit sour in taste, unctuous, heavy
Effect on Doshas Vata pacifier. Kapha and meid (fats) aggravator
Effect on Dhatus Nourishing, good for heart, increases taste, aphrodisiac.
71. Buttermilk :
Name Buttermilk
Type Takra varga
Gunas Bowel binder, sweet - astringent in taste, light, hot
Effect on Doshas Vata – kapha pacifier.
Effect on Dhatus Good for digestion, aphrodisiac, considered good in preventing diseases.
72. White butter :
Name White butter
Type navneet varga
Gunas Auspicious, sweet and a bit sour - astringent in taste, unctuous, light, cold
Effect on Doshas Vata-pitta pacifier.
Effect on Dhatus Nourishing, aphrodisiac, strength promoter, improves complexion, good for blood disorders and debility.
73. Ghee :
Name Ghee
Type Goras varga
Gunas Auspicious, cold in potency, sweet, unctuous
Effect on Doshas Vata-pitta pacifier. Kapha aggravator
Effect on Dhatus Improves intelligence, digestive, aphrodisiac, good for eyesight, voice, poison and burns. Strength promoting,
74. Cream :
Name Cream
Type Goras varga
Gunas Sweet, smooth, unctous, Guru
Effect on Doshas Vata – kapha alleviator
Effect on Dhatus Aphrodisiac, clarifies obstructions at channels, strength promoting, induces obesity.
【产后丰胸方法】其次，我们可以通过食补的方法进行产后丰胸的丰胸产品，我记得我那时候长期坚持吃木瓜炖雪蛤，还有花生炖鸡爪。同时，也吃一些猪皮啊酒酿蛋丰胸，牛蹄等含有胶原蛋白的食物。或者吃一些胶原蛋白的产品。我们只有补充了足够的胶原蛋白丰胸食物，才能够给胸部足够的营养，进行产后丰胸。吃是非常重要的哦。但是也是要适量的呢粉嫩公主。